Essay about The Effects of Homelessness on Children

Imagine a young child growing up, learning, and trying to further his or her life to obtain success in the future. For an â€Å"everyday† child this can be challenging, however â€Å"everyday† obstacles can be overcome. For thousands of children in the United States, this dream is almost impossible to achieve. These children are a part of the homeless population that is spread throughout the United States. Many times these individuals try to hide this major secret from the rest of the world, but homelessness is very prevalent among these youths today. Various problems occur in these peoples’ lives that others could not even begin to understand. Homelessness affects children in every stage of life physically, mentally, and emotionally. Homelessness†¦show more content†¦In today’s society children becoming homeless and having to fend for themselves is wide-spread but homelessness in families also tends to be common (Jewel 2). This issue affects the human population in a very grave way which leaves one out of every fifty children experiencing this immense epidemic (Crary 1). The current recession, has caused sixteen percent of homeless children to be present in our country today and with the economy worsening this statistic will increase (Kingsbury 1). Children of many ages are affected by these tremendous problems resulting from homelessness that have just become greater as time has passed. Homelessness leaves long lasting scars on these children (Crary 2). â€Å"The burden places upon these people can influence every facet of their lives; from contraception to early adulthood† (Hart-Shegos 2). All stages of life are affected by this experience of homelessness and severe problems can be caused in every stage. Not only does homelessness occur after contraception but it starts affecting these children from before birth age. Due to many mothers in recent years being teenagers who ages are decreasing year by year, these pregnant mothers go through their nine month pregnancy without proper treatment or care (4). â€Å"Fifty percent of homeless women versus fifteen percent of the general population have not had a prenatal visit in the first trimester of pregnancy† (4). Also the â€Å"service reports a forty percent substance use rate among womenShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Homelessness on Children1654 Words   |  7 Pagesmental abuse and drug use. Homelessness gained public attention in the late 1970s because homelessness became more visible when it began to include women and children. Today homelessness can be linked to various other problems. It is estimated that 200,000 thousand Canadians have lived in or used the services of a homeless shelter. On any given night, as many as 30,000 thousand Canadians experience homelessness and as many as 50,000 thousand Canadians may be â€Å"hidden homelessness† victims. In other wordsRead MoreThe Emotional, Social, And Academic Effects Of Ho melessness On Children1291 Words   |  6 Pages01/22/2015 The emotional, social, and academic effects of homelessness on children Hardly a day in life goes by without seeing a homeless child trying to survive, especially in developing countries. Unwanted sightings of homeless children happen every day both in developed and underdeveloped countries. The increase in divorce and trend in cohabitation has led to an increasing number of children being homeless. As stated in the â€Å" Homeless Facts Children and Homelessness - Some Facts conducted by the CommitteeRead MoreEffects of Poverty, Hunger and Homelessness on Children and Youth2370 Words   |  10 PagesAssigned Materials: â€Å"Effects of Poverty, Hunger and Homelessness on Children and Youth†, â€Å"How Do You Define Poverty, Part 1 and Part 2†, and access information on the number of families living in poverty in your county. Summary of Materials: The article, â€Å"Effects of Poverty, Hunger, and Homelessness on Children and Youth†, provides vast amounts of information and the far reaching effects on lives of the individuals living in those circumstances (â€Å"American Psychology†, n.d.). This problem is notRead MoreMain Causes of Why People Become Homelessness Essay669 Words   |  3 PagesHomelessness Definition Homelessness is the condition and social category of people who having no home or permanent place, because they cannot afford or unable to maintain a regular and safe shelter. Causes There are three main causes why people are homelessness. The first reason is housing. There is increasing evidence that a growing number of homebody in the private rental market are in housing stress. For example, many people pay more than 35 percent of their income on renting house. In additionRead MoreHomelessness and Childhood Development Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesexperience homelessness in youth. Homelessness at such an early and integral stage in one’s life presents lasting consequences and we must work to better understand, prevent and reverse the effects of homelessness on children. â€Æ' Homelessness is a widespread issue that in recent years has only worsened with the downturn in the economy and a never-ending war. Of this very vulnerable population however there is within an even more vulnerable population, the children affected by homelessness. We as a societyRead MoreThe State of Homelessness in the United States Essay586 Words   |  3 PagesHomelessness became a huge problem in everywhere especially in the USA. Most people heard homeless people, and they saw homeless people in the streets, markets, or bridges. Most people never try to understand why there is much homelessness. Most people do not know any facts about them seem the truth of homelessness, the state of homelessness in the United States, and the effect on people from homelessness. Many causes become the answers to homeless people. The most easy understanding of homelessnessRead MoreHomelessness in Canada Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesHomelessness is a condition of people who lack regular access to adequate housing. As this condition becomes a growing problem in Canada people are forced to deal with the issues. Who are the homeless? They range from children to adults and even in some cases, families. Why are they homeless? Poverty, lack of jobs or well paying jobs, decline in Social Services, domestic violence, mental illness, and chemical dependency contribute to the majority of the homeless within our society. What effects doesRead MoreHomeless Students During Modern Society1500 Words   |  6 Pagesthe side of the streets. You might imagine drug addicts running from shelter to shelter. Actually, about half of the homeless people in the world are children and students, who do not abuse drugs. Sadly, the number of Homeless Students and Children in Caldwell c ounty, and across the nation, is increasing, and the academic, social, and physical effects are devastating. From the from the article, â€Å"Global Homeless Statistics† on the website homelessworldcup.org, â€Å"The last time a global survey was attemptedRead MoreHomeless Population Of New South Wales1444 Words   |  6 PagesOverview â€Å"In a country as prosperous as Australia, no one should have to be homeless.† - The Road Home, 2008 Homelessness is a complex problem and not simply a lack of housing. It has numerous causes that affect different groups differently. In Australia, there are approximately 105000 people experiencing homelessness reported in the 2011 census. This equates to one in every two hundred people. The homeless population of New South Wales accounts for over one quarter of the total in Australia,Read MoreCauses And Effects Of Homelessness Essay1267 Words   |  6 Pages Causes and effects of homelessness in industrialized countries Student Name Institution â€Æ' Introduction Homelessness is the lack of a place to leave or sleep especially during the night. Homeless people do not have proper housing, security and most of them sleep in different places depending on various conditions. Homelessness definition can vary in countries or in various regions in the same country. According to Evans, L., Strathdee in the book â€Å"A roof is not enough†, he explains

The Theories And Aspects Of Management - 1666 Words

For the purpose of a deeper understanding on the theories and aspects of management, I have chosen two different individuals who both work as managers in their vastly different fields. Each one has had to developed their own use and understanding of the management skills, and how to used them to improve and adapt the fundamental skills of a successful manager to their everyday challenges. The first manager I interviewed, Lydia Lee, worked for a small family owned business; Out of This World Cakes Cupcakes. Carmon Middleton and her husband, Doug Middleton, founded the company in 2009 in Spring, Tx. At the time it only employed family and close friends but after a year of successful business they had to move to a larger location and†¦show more content†¦As the â€Å"right hand† of the owner, Lydia also took on the responsibilities of scheduling, logistical paper work, as well as any customer issues that had to be addressed throughout shifts and the business as a whole. One of Lydia’s major challenges that she faces as a manager was inefficient communication. There was a lack of information passed between her and the owner. There was a incident where they store wouldn’t have enough money that particular week to pay it’s employees that were supposed to be scheduled. Lydia was not aware of the issue when she was making the schedule. The owner had to take funds from other places to cover the costs, which hurt the overall budget for the month. For the future Lydia was requiring all information to be kept in emails to avoid future challenges. She has learned that in a position of leadership it is imperative to have a steady flow of updates. Communication continued to be a problem in the future even with this procedure in place, however she tried her best to stay informed at all times. She implemented daily meetings to also help reduce communication errors. The second issues Lydia faced, was time theft amongst the employees. This involved times where the cashier was on their phone the whole shift in the back or lying about when

Subprime Loans And Its Overview

Question: Develop a blog aimed at allowing participants to interpret ethical issues surrounding subprime loans. Be sure to address the following in establishing your blog: Summarize the concept of subprime loans and the risks they pose to the lender and borrower. Critique the role of leadership decision-making in the subprime loan financial crisis. Evaluate subprime loans with the notion of social responsibility. Compare and contrast the resulting consequences for these actions. What measures have been taken since that time to assure this will not happen again? Answer: Subprime Loans And Its Overview Introduction Subprime Loan is the type of loan in which the lender offers the loan to the borrower at a higher interest rate as compared to the prime borrowers. This is given mainly to those individuals who have a weak credit history and have a chance of not paying the loan in the required time. The rate of interest of the subprime loan varies from one lender to another. Thus, borrowers who are unable to pay the loans in regular interval of times, for whom sometimes the time period is extended, for whom there is inability to pay the debt amount completely and who often end up making huge debts but fail to pay those debts are characterized as subprime borrowers. The subprime borrowers have the risk of default or foreclosure and which results in the lender acquiring the defaulted properties. The lender expected that there will be increase in the value of the foreclosed properties but this expectation was short lived as the value of these properties decreased which resulted in huge losses incurred b y the lenders. The subprime loan financial crisis affected both the lenders and borrowers. This crisis mainly started in the US and gradually affected the rest of the world (Arnold, 2013). Subprime Loan Crisis The subprime loan crisis hit the US economy mainly during the recession period of 2007-08. A huge amount of money flowed into the US market from investors all over the world. This availability of money, made the banks and other financial institutions easier to grant loan to the borrowers at lower interest rate (Bocian, Ernst and Li, 2008). It became such a trend that the lending institutions did not check the credit worthiness of the borrowers while the borrowers started taking loans more without checking their affordability of repaying those loans. Along with this, everyone started assuming that the value of the housing properties will increase with time which proved to be wrong later. The wrong and miscalculated assumption increased the level of housing construction drastically. After a certain time it seemed that the number of houses outnumbered the number of buyers (Brooks, R., 2013). The people who thought to sell their houses and repay the loans were unable to do so which resul ted in widespread defaults. Home loans were converted into financial products (mortgage backed securities). These securities were sold to the investors all over the world who bought those securities without checking the authenticity of the assets actual market value. Gradually, the entire US economic condition faced a major breakdown. The subprime loan rates gradually increased and the borrowers defaulted on their mortgages. Even the investors all over the world holding the mortgage backed securities faced huge losses, which in turn caused a worldwide financial crisis (Bhardwaj, G. and Sengupta, R. 2014).. The major reason for this crisis was the failure on the part of leadership in exercising effective decision-making. Also the failure on the part of the banks and financial institutions in checking the financial capability of the lenders, giving incomplete information to global investors and wrong decision making on the housing industry showed the failure in implementing proper and ethical leadership by the world leaders. This mainly happen because leaders does not possess the finest leadership qualities (Danis, M. and Pennington-Cross, A. ,2005). They lack the values, principles and morals which results in ethical misconduct on the society. The lack of accuracy of understanding the financial situation and also to perform in big conditions puts more pressure on the leaders in taking the correct decision. The leadership needs to decipher the problem and take a right decision to solve the problem. But if any wrong decision is taken and the leadership fail to solve the situation then it may led to subprime loan crisis. The subprime lending did offer a new source of profits to the lenders and a new scope for the less credit worthy borrowers to get loan ,as they would not get any loan on the prime rates due to lack of credibility. Although this method is permissible by law but it is dishonest and inappropriate. New rules and standards were made to make way for subprime loan which did make profit for the lenders but at the expenses of the borrowers who had the risk of default or foreclosure of their housing properties. The notion of social responsibility stresses on the fact that organizations should act in the best interest of the society along with the objective of creating wealth for their stakeholders. But with the consequences of subprime lending method, organizations have failed to perform their social responsibility to the society. They failed to create wealth to their stakeholders and also their actions led to severe consequences on the society that includes, massive employee layoffs, foreclosure and other huge losses. A small situation of subprime lending process created a huge disturbance in the society (Santos, J. 2010). Conclusion After this meltdown, the Federal and the State regulatory agencies have come up with a series of reformative measures which strengthen the loan making process . The Housing and Economic Acts of 2008 introduced national standards for mortgage origination, to protect borrowers from getting misled by deceptive lending and servicing practices and the Truth in Lending Act imposed the duty of full disclosure on the lender and borrower (Silipo, D. ,2011). The Home Ownership and Equity Protect Act helped to control the underwriting process, provide full disclosure to both lender and borrower and ensure the integrity of the entire loan procedure to avoid any kind of reoccurrence of the subprime loan crisis. The US government has also taken measures to avoid any kind of crisis in the future, which is to provide limited scope to deter foreclosures, and allow those with good credit opportunity to refinance and keep their homes. Several other measures like analyzing the condition of the borrowers, size of the loan taken and also the loan structure and repayment plan should be made carefully. Thus, it is concluded that subprime loan crisis do changed the financial scenario of the world economy and its better to avoid it (Zibel, A. and Andriotis, A. ,2015). References Arnold, G. (2013).Corporate financial management. Harlow, England: Pearson. Bhardwaj, G. and Sengupta, R. (2014). Subprime cohorts and loan performance.Journal of Banking Finance, 41, pp.236-252. Bocian, D., Ernst, K. and Li, W. (2008). Race, ethnicity and subprime home loan pricing.Journal of Economics and Business, 60(1-2), pp.110-124. Brooks, R. (2013).Financial management. Boston: Pearson. Danis, M. and Pennington-Cross, A. (2005). A Dynamic Look at Subprime Loan Performance.The Journal of Fixed Income, 15(1), pp.28-39. Santos, J. (2010). Bank Corporate Loan Pricing Following the Subprime Crisis.Review of Financial Studies, 24(6), pp.1916-1943. Silipo, D. (2011). It happened again: A Minskian analysis of the subprime loan crisis.Journal of Economics and Business, 63(5), pp.441-455. Zibel, A. and Andriotis, A. (2015).Lenders Step Up Financing to Subprime Borrowers. [online] WSJ. Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/lenders-step-up-financing-to-subprime-borrowers-1424296649 [Accessed 24 Mar. 2015].

The Road Not Taken Essays (1391 words) - The Road Not Taken

The Road Not Taken The Road Not Taken in the Choices of Life I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I ? I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. (Frost 1-5) On the surface, Robert Frost's poem is a story about a walk on a wooded road, but it had deeper meaning to him and how he feels about the road. Also, the poem has a universal meaning about life and the choices it presents. Further, the poem is magnificently written in Frost's own created rhyme style. Lastly, a sigh might just be a sigh to some, but in this piece it means much more to Frost. Frost's 1916 poem The Road Not Taken is an example of how Frost writes poetry enthralling the reader with a grand opening and an unexpected ending that must be thoroughly analyzed. Frost wrote The Road Not Taken while living in Gloucestershire, England in 1914 though he was an American citizen. His friend Edward Thomas and he would often go on walks so that Thomas could show him special plants or sights. When Thomas would choose a path, it was certain that every time he would regret the choice he had made sighing that they should have taken a better direction (Banerjee and Shefali 1). When Frost wrote this he supposedly pretended to carry himself as Thomas just long enough to write the poem. Furthermore, Frost first wrote the poem as almost a joke for Thomas. Later it held more value for him though, as an example of life choices. The Road Not Taken is literally a story about a walk on a road one fall morning. The title even tells of the idea that a choice has been made before reading the poem. The opening line tells how the road broke into a y. This simple y in the road alludes also to Frost's first line of the poem and his choice of yellow (y) to describe the fall trees. This is a simple natural symbol but, when looked into further, shows how he is looking to the winter, the future, which is a harsh season. Frost talks about the two roads and how they are the same, comparing them. Road A twists beneath the undergrowth, which alludes to a hard trail ahead. Countless obstacles are on this walk that may catch the narrator. Road B is straight, grassy, open, and sunny, showing that the walk will be nice and easy. No one else is on the road with the narrator. He is alone, contemplating the decision by himself. The ultimate decision that is going to be made by the narrator as to which equally worn road to take with no help from anyone. He knows that the road he takes will lead him forever, foreshadowing that the choice he does makes could be a regret or satisfaction. Frost then said in the present tense last stanza that the narrator's choice was the one less traveled by (20). This simple statement has significant importance, for he contradicts himself. Frost was unable to tell if anyone had walked the roads; yet the one less traveled was chosen, when in actuality it is the one more traveled by because the narrator traveled it. The road in the poem is not just a road; it is a symbol of choices in our lives. Frost implies that the narrator is sorry that he could not take both roads and see two different outcomes before the decision is made. The outcomes can not be seen, though looking as far as he could, the road would either bend and disappear into the undergrowth or go until the eye could see no further. He says to himself three times in the poem that both roads are equal, but in the final outcome he chooses the one less traveled, wanting wear (Frost 8). The narrator saying this to himself three times definitely gives the impression that he has time and is in no hurry to make a decision since only one road may be taken, one decision made, and one final destiny for a lifetime. No one will make

Harold S. Kushners Why Bad Things Happen to Good People free essay sample

A book report on Why Bad Things Happen to Good People by Harold S. Kushner. This report reviews Harold S. Kushners `Why Bad Things Happen to Good People` and provides a positive view by the papers author. The essay includes examples from Jewish history. It would be so much easier to live in a world where God punishes the evil and rewards the good; a world where everybody knows only good things will happen to them if they follow Gods commandments and calamity will be visited only upon those who do not. However, that type of world would eliminate the freedom to make choices between good and evil. People who chose to be good because they will be rewarded are no better than trained dogs performing for treats. The choice is meaningless.

Ethical Issues in Supply Chain

Ethical Issues in Supply Chain Introduction Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the integration of critical business operations in order to efficiently provide products and services to customers (Tariq Rehman, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Issues in Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Relationships along the supply chain generally tend to show how collaborating companies come together to offer reliable services that enable them retain their customers. Zaratà ©, Belaud and Camilleri (2008), defined a supply chain as a set of three or more companies linked together by the flow of products, finance, services, and information in an ideally seamless web. In the supply chain, companies move things, make things, store things, and throw things away. It is a part of an organization’s strategy to stay ahead of its competitors. Supply chain management thus has to do with the integration of both ethical and operational practic es of a company and is a proven way to reduce the chances of a company being seen to be irresponsible. This paper addresses the general nature of a supply chain as a human artifact with the potential for greatness and for failure like any other. The exact nature of the possible failures and successes are discussed, and the ethical issues are highlighted with regard to finance, research and development, and supplier/vendor management. E-commerce and Supply Chain Today, supply chain is widely recognized as a means of shortening cycle time, reducing inventories, decreasing logistic costs, and streamlining communication processes across a network. It is a mechanism through which diverse organizations are able to form alliances to meet a new form of Internet oriented consumer demand. For companies intending to take their supply chain to positions of market leadership, the addition of e-commerce services is a distinct advantage (Poirier Bauer, 2001).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For many firms, e-commerce provides a strong foundation on which the supply chain can be built and strengthened. The availability of the Internet infrastructure and accompanying services present an incredible opportunity for companies to form supply chain networks that are smooth and effective. According to Ferrell and Hartline (2010), the goal of a supply chain is to facilitate the flow of goods or services across a network. This is, however, best achieved by ensuring that there is a smooth flow of information. Without an effective way of exchanging information, supply chain performance will be affected. E-commerce is thus an effective means of integrating customers and suppliers via the Web. Ethical Issues in Supply Chain According to Ferrell and Hartline (2010), true supply chain integration requires a fundamental change in how channel members work together. Among th ese changes is a move from a win-lose competitive attitude to a win-win collaborative approach in which there is a common realization that all firms in the supply chain must prosper. Rather than selling to the next level in the chain, channel members focus on selling products through the channel, to a satisfied customer. Information flows are meant to move from guarded secrecy to open, honest and frequent communications (Ferrell Hartline, 2010). In doing this, however, there are many ethical issues that must be addressed in order to satisfy the expectations of supply chain members. Generally, ethical questions center on whether actions are right or wrong, good or bad, bringing good or harm, are praise worthy or worthy of blame.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Issues in Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Achieving a high degree of channel integration is a challenging task and the reasons for this are almost easily noticeable. In the first place, each firm has its own mission, goals, objectives, and strategies that are unique to it. Secondly, the recognition and acceptance of mutual interdependence within the supply chain goes against our natural self interest seeking tendencies (Ferrell Hartline, 2010). The following subsections look at some of these issues classified into three broad categories. Under each category, ethical issues are discussed with regard to the topics of finance, research and development, and supplier/vendor management. Regulatory Issues Financially, adherence to accounting rules and regulations is an important regulatory issue. It is wrong for any supply chain member to indulge in any form of corruption that may affect other supply chain members. Supply chain management professionals must therefore take it upon themselves to alert senior management of any suspicious activities that could affect supply chain performance. As far as research and developmen t is concerned, all the supply chain members have an obligation to ensure that relevant regulatory guidelines are followed strictly. Although compliance with product related regulations such as the EU directive on restriction of hazardous substances is primarily the responsibility of manufacturing departments, supply chain professionals must ensure that their research and development activities do not go against such directives.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is also necessary for supply chain professionals to be aware of the main regulatory issues raised by the existing diversity of regulations in different countries. The geographic range of governmental regulation extends from planning commissions via regional, state, and national governments to global and intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations or European Union. A recent example of an international, intergovernmental agreement of relevance to supply chains is the Kyoto Protocol which entered into force in 2005. The protocol established binding requirements for the reduction of certain green house gas emissions at national, and consequently, at company level. With regard to supplier/vendor management, it is the responsibility of each member of the supply chain to ensure that all regulatory issues are observed. In most countries, regulatory issues have to do with carriage and handling of goods, employment and working conditions, road safety, drivers’ hours, health and safety, pollution prevention, environmental protection, noise protection and many others. Besides these complexities, there is also a growing variety of regulatory instruments directly or indirectly related to logistics and transport. These include laws, directives, technical specifications, bans, and rules. To guarantee that the supply chain relationship operates smoothly, all members of the chain must be accountable. Every member should seek to protect the interests of other supply chain members and any company that refuses to comply with the regulatory requirements should be warned. Legal Issues Financially, any disagreements that end up in the courts will lead to huge financial loses to the involved parties. Such misunderstandings eventually damage the reputation of the affected supply chain partners in the eyes of the public. In most cases, small firms in the supply chain are made to suffer if the big firms decide to make nasty decisions (Zaratà © et al, 2008). Con sider the case of a manufacturer who operates through a dealer network. If the manufacturer chooses to distribute through its own factory outlets in addition to the dealer network, a number of ethical issues with financial implications may arise. The dealer may, for example, start distributing products from other firms in addition, switch completely to another manufacturer, move to court in case the involved parties had a contract signed and there is proof that the other party has not honored their part of the deal. This is certainly not inspiring and, depending on the dealer’s power in the market, the company may have a reason to be worry as the dealer may decide to respond in a way that may harm the company. With their meager resources, small firms may not be in a position to engage in lengthy legal tussles. Any involvement by such firms in legal wars will only serve to create financial problems. Under research and development, all supply chain members must be ready to abid e by the agreed upon rules. Any research and development activities must be undertaken in line with the existing legal requirements. Supply chain professionals must be familiar with legal requirements in different geographical areas so as to ensure that any research done does not put the supply chain members at risk. A common error is the lack of respect for intellectual property rights. This is a crime that if discovered could prompt the offended party to open a legal suit against the offending supply chain member. It is therefore essential for all supply chain members to respect and protect intellectual property rights. When it comes to supplier/vendor management, all supply chain members must do their best to protect any private information linked to a particular chain partner. In most situations, leakage of private information easily creates an environment of mistrust and this can affect the performance of the supply chain. Although there are cases where it is common for private information to be shared among members of the supply chain, including those who are competitors of the firm that gave the information, this may sometimes be taken wrongly. Therefore, it is important for supply chain members to know when it is in order to share private information and when doing so will constitute a serious criminal offence that could see the end of the supply chain relationship and give rise to a civil law suit (Zaratà © et al, 2008). Ethical Issues For most firms, a reduction in the number of employees is an important cost cutting element. There are, however, ethical and unethical ways of going about the downsizing task. The less ethical way is an abrupt shutdown of a facility without notice (Neef, 2004). If not handled ethically, this can lead to a damaged reputation for the company. As an example, Caterpillar has never recovered from the local loss of reputation it incurred in the United Kingdom from its abrupt closure of a factory. It is important to treat peo ple as an end in themselves and never just as a means to an end (Zaratà © et al, 2008). A firm that understands the art of dealing with people will seek to remove them by redeployment, by voluntary release supported by a payout, by providing counseling and consultancy and, perhaps by providing an office and a phone to assist them in their job search. A reputation for being a good employer in bad times is likely to give firm a great advantage when business picks up again (Neef, 2004). Clearly, the way downsizing is carried out will have severe financial implications on the supply chain members. Unfortunately, a mistake by one member of the supply chain may equally affect other supply chain members. When a downsizing activity is not properly handled by a particular chain member, the smoothness of the supply chain operations may be interfered with and may be left in an unhappy state. This in turn creates a wrong impression of the affected companies in the eyes of the customers and eve ntually, loss of income to the supply chain members. It is therefore important for all supply chain members to take a human approach in handling issues that may eventually interfere with cash flow. Unlike in the past, business organizations are today faced with pressure from various sources including government, consumer forums, and competition to improve upon working conditions in their supply chain. As far as research and development is concerned, supply chain professionals must ensure that all supply chain members undertake their activities in a selfless manner. Every supply chain member must carry out honest research that is directed towards ensuring that the customer receives the best products or services. No avenues should exist for supply chain members to take advantage of and carry out substandard research. At the supplier/vendor management level, a number of issues may arise given that supply chain members possess different resources, skills, and advantages that may lead to varying degrees of authority or power in managing or controlling the activities across a supply chain. Depending on how it is used by a channel member, power can create considerable conflict, or it can make the entire supply chain operate more smoothly and effectively. The different types of power include expert power, reward power, legitimate power, coercive power, and referent power (Rendtorff, 2009). It is unethical for any supply chain member to use power to treat others unfairly. Conclusion In the present business environment, where stiff competition is the order of the day, it is not enough to be an ethical company. The choice of partners is equally an important consideration and must be taken seriously. Generally, the adoption of ethical practices may have positive effects on brand image, perception and loyalty both in customers and in suppliers. Failure to have ethical policies or to apply them in practice exposes members of the supply chain to significant risks with respec t to both brand perception and legal issues. As has been demonstrated in this paper, a number of ethical issues must be considered in a supply chain context. To protect themselves from allegations of social irresponsibility, organizations need to consider very carefully those companies they do business with. Although carrying out a thorough financial audit of potential partners is important, any firm that intends to form a supply chain must be ready to go an extra mile in understanding partners. Focusing only on financial viability of a potential partner may ultimately have an adverse impact on the operations of a supply chain member. To some stakeholders, effective management of the issues in supply chain is one of the indicators of how well a company is ethically run. Supply chain members are therefore left with no option but to work extremely hard in ensuring that an effective and ethically managed supply chain exists. By so doing, the collaborating companies will be able to reta in their loyal customers and attract new customers. References Ferrell, O. C. Hartline, M. (2010). Marketing Strategy. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Neef, D. (2004). The Supply Chain Imperative. New York, NY: AMACOM Division of American Management Association. Poirier, C. C. Bauer, M. J. (2001). E-Supply Chain: Using the Internet to Revoltionize Your Business: How Market Leaders Focus Their Entire Organization to Driving Value to Customers. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Rendtorff, J. D. (2009). Responsibility, Ethics and Legitimacy of Corporations. Copenhagen, Denmark: Copenhagen Business School Press DK. Tariq, M. Rehman, S. (2012). From Suppliers’ Supplier to the Buyers’ Buyers A Relationship Perspective. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3 (11): 604 – 610. Zaratà ©, P., Belaud, J. P. Camilleri, G. (2008). Collaborative Decision Making: Perspectives and Challenges. Fairfax, VA: IOS Press, Inc.

REAL ESTATE AND THE ECONOMY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

REAL ESTATE AND THE ECONOMY - Essay Example The paper, however, discusses it in the U.S. context and explains that how it influence the economy. Real Estate and its Impact on U.S. Economy Real estate market’s strength or weakness has huge influences on U.S. economy. It was hard to admit that financial system was broken after the collapse of real estate bubble. Development in real estate is closely linked with the U.S. economy and its role cannot be ignored in our future progress (Babigian, 2011).U.S. real estate market is divided into commercial and residential real estate. Real estate constitutes several important aspects of economic activity. It has direct and indirect impact on the level and composition of real gross domestic product (GDP).In addition to new construction, real estate is a lasting asset which holds crucial balance sheet effects. For instance, lasting increase in household net worth that originates from rising real house prices suppose to trigger household spending on goods and services. There is a gen eral agreement on the effect of wealth on household behavior; however, its magnitude is somewhat less agreed upon (Missouri, 2007, p.1).According to Missouri (2007): Currently residential fixed investment comprises a little less than 5 percent of GDP. There are myriad of direct and indirect effects associated with real estate that spill over into the other aspects of economy, such as the demand for lumber, labor and other commodities used in the construction of structures or in remodeling activity.(p.1) There is fairly large nonresidential component in the U.S. real estate economy. Determinants of new construction in this sector are comparatively different because commercial or industrial structure is established asset and business will only invest in it if rate of return is at least comparable to its opportunity cost (Missouri, 2007, p.1).Real estate industry contributed over $1,472 billion to U.S. GDP in 2005 that amounts to 11.9 percent of total GDP. The value added from real est ate, leasing, and rental practices increased to over $1,731 billion (13.2 percent) of total GDP in 2006(Anari,2008,p.2).According to Anari (2008), â€Å"In 2006, Texas’ real estate industry was the second most important private industry after manufacturing. The industry’s contribution to the state’s GDP in 2005 was more than $79 billion†¦ [that amounts to] 8 percent of the Texas GDP† (p.2). Real GDP is the most extensive measure of goods and services produced in country in a particular time period. Among the major components of GDP, structure shared approximately 10 percent for last 25 years. In addition, other goods and services are associated with structure, such as furniture, utilities, and roads. Generally, residential expenditures are larger than that of nonresidential structures. In 2007, residential fixed investment constituted approximately 30 percent of the total private fixed investment while nonresidential structures constituted 20 percent . Residential fixed investment rise from 2000 to 2006 is considered to be quite unusual (Missouri, 2007, pp.2-5).In 2007, According to Missouri (2007): †¦ Construction spending has totaled a bit less than $1.2 trillion at a seasonally adjusted annual rate, with private construction outlays comprising a little more than three-quarters of the total and public construction outlays the remaining one quarter. (p.5) There has been a reasonable upward shift

THE REAL VALUE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND HOW IT IS INCLUDED IN A Essay - 1

THE REAL VALUE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND HOW IT IS INCLUDED IN A COMPANYS FINANCIAL STATEMENT - Essay Example The knowledge of an organization is what is at time referred to as the brain power; therefore, intelligent capital can be viewed as the intangible assets used by the company in the making of its services and products. Intellectual capital, therefore, can be assumed to be the fundamental aspects of the company’s profit and loss statements, as well as its balance sheets. As such, the value of a business is, therefore, comprised of its revenue generated through its intellectual talents, financial assets, intellectual assets, and physical assets (Barney, et al., 2001). Three elements of intellectual capital include: Human capital mainly comprises of the values provided by business employees through application of expertise and skills ‘know how’. This component of intellectual capital is not owned by a company, and therefore when an employee leaves the company, the human capital consequently decreases (Peloso, 2008). Human capital can, therefore, be used to measure how effective a company is using its people resources as a measure of innovation and creativity. Structural includes the supportive infrastructures, databases and processes of an organization that enables the human capital to function. Components of structural capital include buildings, processes, software and so on. Additionally, structural capital also includes things such as information system, proprietary databases, research and development infrastructure facilities and organization’s image. The diversity of structural capital demands that it is broken down into: process, innovation, and organization capital. Process capital includes procedures of programs and the techniques that implement and enhance the delivery of services and goods. Innovation capital includes intangible assets and intellectual properties of the corporation. Organizational capital, on the other hand

Dunkin donuts corporation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dunkin donuts corporation - Assignment Example Dunkin’ Donuts competes with Starbucks in coffee sales and Krispy Kreme in donut sales. This paper takes a closer look at Dunkin’ Donuts with regards to its competitors, strategic group map and its position in the market. The list of restaurants in the coffee and donut industry is incredibly long. According to hoovers, a D&B Company reports, the top competitors of Dunkin’ Donuts are Starbucks Corporation in coffee, Krispy Kremeand Dairy Queen in donuts and ice cream and McDonald in limited-service restaurant. In 2005 Starbuck had a 43% market share in gourmet coffee while Dunkin’ Donut had 27% followed by Krispy Kreme with 5% share (Dunkin’ Donuts, 7). In the same report, Dunkin’ Donuts was ranked the leading Donut and ice cream chain with a market share of 28.5% followed by Tim Horton’s with 27% and Dairy Queen with a 20.2% market share. Although Dunkin’ Donuts deals in donuts and other baked products, the product that brings the company a relatively bigger profit is the varieties of coffee drinks they serve. It sells approximately 1 billion cups of coffee in a year (Dunkin’ Brands Corporation, n.pg).This credits Dunkin’ donutsas one of the three java giants the other two being Starbucks and McDonald. Dunkin’ Donuts has the number one share of coffee beverages, donut, bagel, and muffin servings. In addition, it managed to have the second share in breakfast and quick service restaurants and is recognized as first in customer loyalty in the coffee category for the last eight years in business. Furthermore, it was ranked tenth in 2012 franchise 500 in fast food survey of quick refreshment chains. Strategic group map mechanism has enabled Dunkin’ Donuts to understand its competitors and look for its position in the market. There are a number of strategies that have been introduced by Strategic group map mechanism. The first strategy was coming up with friendly prices of its products. Its products are affordable and cheaper

Anna Pavlova Ballerina Biography

Anna Pavlova Ballerina Biography Anna Pavlova, a famous Russian ballet dancer best known for changing the ideals for ballet dancers, was the first to make ballet popular in America and the rest of the world. Her love for classical ballet, determination to perform her love for the arts, influences and zest can still be evidently felt. Born on 31 January 1881, in St. Petersburg, Russia, Anna Pavlova was awestruck by the first ballet performance she watched and was intent on becoming a ballerina. Petite Pavlova entered the Imperial Ballet School in 1891 despite not having the preferred body type of a ballerina which was a strong, muscular and compact body. However, she gave the examiners enough confidence that she would work hard and excel. In the later years, Pavlova became one of the most astounding ballerinas. Young Pavlova was a talented and hardworking student. Training years were difficult due to her special physique. She was considered physically weak as she was small and thin coupled with highly arched feet unlike the preferred body of a ballerina at that time. Pavlova was fed with cod-liver oil which tasted awful to her in the hope of getting the ideal body. Even so she remained slender. In order to improve faster, Pavlova tried imitating other ballet dancers. However her teacher, Pavel Gerdt taught her to  understand her unique dancing of daintiness and fragility and the importance to dance out those rare qualities. Her zeal for ballet was remarkable; she worked hard to strengthen her weakness and also with what she had instead of trying to be someone else. Her willingness to overcome these obstacles at such a young age is commendable. Soon, Pavlova grew in gracefulness and could stand in a way that her body formed a beautiful line where she was able to bend and twist her torso wi th ease and grace. Instead of mastering multiple fouettes turns and other technical steps that the muscular Italian style had induced at that time, Pavlova danced poetically and expressively. She stood out.. Finally upon graduation, Pavlovas hard work paid off she graduated as a first class dancer. After Pavlovas school years, she continued training hard to improve her technique and even took extra lessons with different teachers such as Christian Johansson, Madame Sokolova and Nikolai Legat. Pavlova graduated at a time where virtuoso Italian ballerinas and a muscular ballet stylewas popular. Although Pavlova had mastered difficult steps and ballet technique, her highly arched feet were still too weak for the flamboyant pointe work. She experimented with ways to wear her pointe shoes with the hope of maximizing her potential. Through experiments, she discovered that by adding a piece of hard leather to the soles, the shoes provided better support. Many people thought this as cheating because ideally, ballerinas should be able to hold their own weight on their toes. However, her idea enabled her to perform better and allowed her to balance in her arabesque with poised and elegance inflicting less pain and  hence easier to sustain on pointe. In doing so, Pavlova created what is known as our pointe shoes today. Being able to go on pointe with ease and having a beautiful extension, flexible torso and tremendous feminine expressive dancing, Pavlova set a higher aesthetic of beauty in ballet where ballet dancers were able to perform with poise and elegance like a princess. With the recreation of the pointe shoes, there was a demand for brilliant and fancy footwork like jumps, multiple turns and balances and that of ballerinas performing on pointe. Pavlovas extremely strong stage presence caught a lot of attention and impressed several people such as leading ballerina, Kchessinskaya and ballet master Marius Petipa, who later became her most revered mentor. Pavlova started off performing at the Maryinsky Theatre playing minor roles. Although she was only able to perform short solos, she was not disheartened. Learning under Petipa, Pavlova improved tremendously earning the title role in Paquita, Princess Aspicia in The Pharaohs Daughter, Queen Nisia in Le Roi Candaule, and Giselle. She was named coryphà ©e in 1902, premià ¨re danseuse in 1905, and finally prima ballerina in 1906 after a resounding performance in Giselle. Petipa would edit various ballet variations to suit Pavlova and her unique style of dancing. With the collaboration between Pavlova and Petipa, they made ballet very popular and was highly demanded in places after Pavlova had performed. Pavlova and her ballet were so popular that she had a fans base who called themselves Pavlovatzi. Pavlovas popularity and fame rose with every performance she undertook, both at home and overseas. However she remained humble and danced genuinely. After earning the valuable title of Prima Ballerina in a mere four years, Pavlova traveled around the world to promote ballet. She felt that she needed to venture around the world to look for her true identity as a dancer coupled with the desire to be the best ballerina ever. It lasted for many years and took her all over the world. Pavlova left the Maryinsky Theatre and joined another company where she performed The Dying Swan which became her trademark. Pavlova performed extensively, even if it meant small stages. She was sincere in all her performances that she always took the audiences breath away. Pavlova and her company traveled extensively introducing classical ballet to the world. Countries such as China, India and Australia were touched by her sincere performance. Her first appearance in America, at the Metropolitan Opera House was an astounding one. Most of the American audiences had never seen classical ballet and critics could not depict what Pavlova had offered to them. They concluded however, that it was beautiful. Pavlova appearance in the various countries not only overwhelmed the people with her elegance and grace in dancing but also introduced a new kind of art form, classical ballet. Subsequently, there was a rise in demand and a higher expectation for ballet performances of both technique and aesthetics. Increasingly more people became interested in learning the art form as they wanted to dance as gracefully and elegantly as Pavlova. Pavlovas performance was always awaited enthusiastically. In 1904 when Russia was in chaos, Pavlova fought for dancers rights such as a  raise in the unjustly low salaries. She was firm in upholding her principles, ;Pavlova was insistent and determined in her values but at the same time respected what others wanted to do. Pavlova had little regard for the wealth she obtained, she was more interested in spreading her love for classical ballet. She would donate generously to charities and to dancers who were paid low. This provided the dancers with a motivation to work hard so that their daily expenses were less of a worry. Shortly after becoming the Prima Ballerina at the Maryinsky Theatre, Pavlova left the company travelled around the world to promote ballet and later setting up a company of her own. Since then she contributed greatly to both the arts and her home town financially and artistically. Although she was on tour during World War I, she gave special charity performances to raise funds to send home and for the needy, making sure that ticket prices were affordable. At the same time, she promoted classical ballet to places where it was foreign to them. Hence more people had the chance to have a glimpse at classical ballet Pavlova used her love for classical ballet as a source of comfort to the audience. In addition, she was very patriotic. She established a home for Russian refugees and sent large amounts of everything she could to help them including from her own private resources, vast entertainments and charitable performances. She believed that through dance she would be able to make and help patrons forget their problems, or the very least forget their problems momentarily during the performance. Her sincerity and utmost respect for the audience during the performances always awed them and this was what made her very special. Pavlova never believed in teaching her students how to imitate her in dancing. Pavlovas student would try to intimate her style of dancing, following her sentimental and melodramatic expression, which she would never hesitate to rebuke the student. She believed that by intimating another, one would only be a dancer without a soul. Everyone is special to her and that no one is replaceable. She too did not believe in teaching a dancer to be a technical dancer, she felt that expressing inner beauty and feelings was more important because that was the way to create sincerity in dancing. Hence Pavlova always taught her students to dance with their heart leading to genuinely performed movements. In 1931 she contracted pleurisy. An operation would have saved her life however she would never be able to perform again. With her love for dance, Pavlova chose to die. In the end, she died before she was able to perform The Dying Swan on stage. Pavlovas love for dance and ever lasting determination to do her best in perfecting what she loves is widely recognized in the world. It was because of her that ballet and the usage of her handicraft, the pointe shoes became popular till this day. Through her undying love and creativity in creating wonderful performances in classical ballet, Pavlova touched the hearts of many people. Pavlova taught people the true meaning of art through her sentimental and melodramatic style of dancing. As a result, ballet moved beyond mastering techniques, to the expression of inner beauty and sincere feelings. Pavlova taught people to be sincere with themselves and only so will they be able to perform sincerely. Similarly, her strong character has taught many people to be  humble and to have self respect for themselves, the art form and the people around them. If not for Pavlovas insistence, classical ballet or any sort of dance would not have been taken seriously or respected till today.

The Impostor Syndrome :: Gender Women Papers

The Impostor Syndrome Professor Martine Haas, Organizational Behavior, Cornell University, gave an example of a woman named Vignette who was giving presentations and had to monitor herself in a male dominated setting. She avoided raising her voice at certain times in order not to sound too assertive because she is a woman. Vignette hasn't been the only female or woman who has been faced with this situation. Aside from this type of impression management, there have been many circumstances where many successful women hesitate to take full credit for their success and accomplishments. They often feel insecure, attribute their accomplishments to something other than their own efforts such as luck and often get thrown into a state of paranoia that people will doubt their competency. This is known as the "imposter syndrome." Susan Schenkel, author of â€Å"Giving Away Success† says â€Å"there are many ways we discount ourselves. Three of the most common patterns are: 1) emphasizing the negative 2) automatically attributing success to something other than ability, and 3) automatically blaming failure on lack of ability† (Schenkel, 6). Schenkel explains how women also end up being susceptible to falling into helplessness as a result of uncontrollability, which is the belief that nothing can be done to rectify their current state of misfortunes. As a result they end up withdrawing, for example, stopping, quitting or escaping from making ardent efforts to deal with their existing problems. A second thing they tend to do is to avoid getting into tough situations. They do this by shying away from confrontation with the difficulty they feel unable or unwilling to handle (Schenkel, 19). As a result of this helplessness disrupts behavior such as undermining motivation, interfering with ability to l earn and creating emotional distress (Schenkel, p. 24). Another aspect of this imposter syndrome is fear of failure, where women sometimes get terrified of being judged and found unqualified (Schenkel, 55). When the fear of failure is combined with other behavioral patterns, a resulting consequence is anxiety. This is where women tend to have â€Å"split self-image† which is â€Å"an ongoing battle between positive and negative views of our ability† (Schenkel, 63). Secondly there is a superfluous desire and concern to win approval of others. Lastly, they tend to evaluate themselves and their experiences as either good or bad and with nothing in between (Schenkel, 65). In an attempt to prevent experiencing failure, women make cumbersome efforts to establish extremely high standards and goals for themselves and work indefatigably to meet them (Schenkel, 66).

Company †Strengths and weaknesses Analysis Essay

Application Assignment †¢Application Assignment on Situational Analysis and SWOT common to all themespgs MM-112 to MM-122 PART B and C (to be submitted together) (15+ 5 Marks) Company –Strengths and weaknesses Analysis Remember this assignment is in continuity to the previous marketing assignment. Here we do a strength and weakness analysis for our company vis -a- vis competitors. We need to know: A. What special strength/ competence or assets company has to satisfy the needs of customers? B. Who competes with us in meeting those needs and what is their competence, strength or asset? Can we scale our own firm and the major competitors on those competencies and strengths? This kind of an analysis follows a 3-step process. 1Identification of all our Competitors. Competition does not stem only from products or firms that compete directly for your market share but also from any company that satisfies the same customer need. (Refer to the ‘Market concept of competition’ at the end of the assignment ) 2List the areas in which your organization or the competitor has the competence. Needless to say that these areas should be industry relevant. An indicative list of the areas in which a firm can have strength / competence is listed below. Innovation ?Ability to develop innovative products ?Amount of Rs. spent on R&D ?Patents that a company has to its credit ?Technical product or service superiority Manufacturing ?Favorable Cost Structure ?Flexible production operations ?Access to Raw materials ?Quality of work force ?Capacity ?Outsourcing Finance- Access to capital ?Ability to generate funds in the short and long run ?Ability to use debt and equity financing ?Parent firms willingness to finance Management ?Quality of top and middle management ?Knowledge of business ?Culture ?Strategic goals and plans ?Entrepreneurial thrust ?Planning or operation system ?Loyalty ?Quality of strategic decision making. Marketing ?Product quality reputation ?Product differentiation ?Brand name recognition ?Customer orientation ?Breadth of the product line ?Segmentation ?Distribution ?Retailer relationship ?Advertising / Promotional skills ?Sales force ?Service Customer base ?Size and loyalty ?Market share ?Growth of segments served This list is only indicative to serve as a guide to the major areas in which a firm can have strength/ competence. You can add on or delete items to suit to your company and industry. 3Scaling your organization vis – a – vis the competitors on the parameters listed above-The Competitive strength Grid *(Please refer exhibit at the end of the assignment) Once the strengths / assets relevant to the industry have been identified, one has to scale one’s own firm and the major competitors on those strengths. One such grid has been done for the Luxury car market. The left side of the grid identifies the areas in which a luxury car maker can have strengths/ competencies namely product quality, product differentiation etc. On the right side various brands have been scaled with either less than average, average or above average position with respect to the strength/ competence identified. For ex. Cadillac has above average position in product quality, average when it comes to product differentiation and less than average on dealer satisfaction, all 3 areas being key to success in a car market. Assignment questions 1. Identify all the major competitors to your product. (Already done in part A of the assignment) †¢ICICI bank †¢HDFC †¢SBI †¢Deutsche Bank †¢Citibank †¢Goldman Sachs 2. Identify and list all the major strengths/assets/ competencies relevant to your industry. Core competencies: †¢Customer service †¢Risk management & Compliance †¢Strategy & Development †¢Strong leadership and management †¢Sales, marketing and Operations †¢Client base and brand 3. Scale your firm and any two other competitors on these strengths in a Competitive Strength Grid as is shown in the example. HSBCICICI bank Deutsche Bank †¢Customer service †¢Reach to the customer is good †¢Good relationship management †¢Premier clients focused cells †¢Reach to the customer is good †¢Premier clients focused cells †¢Reach to the customer is good †¢Good relationship management †¢Premier clients focused cells †¢Risk management & Compliance †¢Credit Risk †¢Operational Risk †¢Market Risk †¢Credit Risk †¢Operational Risk †¢Market Risk †¢Credit Risk †¢Operational Risk †¢Market Risk †¢Strategy & Development †¢Reach to global markets †¢Presence in emerging economies †¢Specific to one country †¢Reach to global markets Strong leadership and management †¢Business expansions & Leadership support †¢Culture of developing and retaining leaders †¢Strong international management and leadership †¢Business expansions regionally †¢Strong management presence †¢Business expansions & Leadership support †¢Strong international management and leadership †¢Sales, marketing and Operations †¢Consumer / Transactional Sales †¢Advisory / Relationship Management Sales †¢Consumer / Transactional Sales †¢Advisory / Relationship Management Sales †¢Consumer / Transactional Sales †¢Advisory / Relationship Management Sales Client base and brand †¢History and strong brand †¢Your local banker approach †¢Internationally renowned brand †¢Strong regional brand †¢History and strong brand †¢Internationally renowned brand 4. Do you have a competitive advantage superior to that of the competitor in any or more area? Do you see major areas for improvement in any competitive area? The areas of competitive advantage are: †¢Strategy & Development †¢Reach to global markets †¢Presence in emerging economies †¢Strong leadership and management †¢Culture of developing and retaining leaders Strong international management and leadership †¢Client base and brand †¢History and strong brand †¢Your local banker approach †¢Internationally renowned brand Areas for improvement: †¢Larger presence in retail operations in emerging economies †¢Leveraging technology to increase efficiency, access to markets and risk management †¢Innovation by providing weekend banking and banking in non official hours PART C Assignment question 1. Based upon PART A and Part B of the assignment, consolidate the Strengths , Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats for your organization into a SWOT Grid.

Momentum Lab Report Essays

Momentum Lab Report Essays Momentum Lab Report Paper Momentum Lab Report Paper An exact determination of these forces is not practical but the presence of the forces can e allowed for by using a property known as the coefficient of restitution. The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of speeds of a falling object, from when it hits a given surface to when it leaves the surface. In laymans terms, the coefficient of restitution is a measure of bounciness. It basically is a property of collisions and depends upon the materials that are colliding. In this experiment, the coefficient of restitution between two balls, (a glass marble and a steel ball bearing) and the apparatus it is colliding with will be determined. AIMS To determine the coefficient of restitution between two balls, (a glass marble and steel ball bearing) and the apparatus it is colliding with. THEORY When two bodies collide, equal and opposite forces act on each body and will cause a motion. If there is no external force exerted to the system, then momentum will be conserved. Momentum is defined as (keg. M/s) and is a vector in the direction of v. (Newtons Second Law) equation (1) Impulse is defined I dot as which has useful applications in solving problems for forces when very short times are involved, such as during collisions. By taking the equation (1 ) for an integration, it shows that the impulse due to a Orca over a given time period is equal to the change in momentum as shown in equation (2). Equation (2) Figure 1 Consider the collision of the bodies in figure 1, there are equal and opposite forces (Newtons Third Law) acting on each body for the same amount of time during the collision. This condition can be represented mathematically as in equation (3). . Equation (3) Conservation of momentum tells that GIG + GO = 0 during a collision.

Prostitution Should Be Legal essays

Prostitution Should Be Legal essays Prostitution: It Should Be Legalized Argument: Men have been paying women for sex for hundreds of years and continue to keep the business of prostitution alive. Prostitution should be legalized because the government can help regulate the industry by periodically testing for diseases to help reduce the spreading of STDs amongst customers and prostitutes. Many Americans find prostitution immoral because the idea of paying for sex does not seem ethical. This is a matter of taste versus opinion. There is no difference between a legal one-night stand and an illegal solicitation for sex. Meeting a woman and spending money on her in order to lead to sex is a variation of prostitution and is legal. Sex is a natural part of the human psyche. Men and women will find ways to have sex even if it means paying another person to participate. Prostitution has thrived for hundreds of years because of this concept and reality. By legalizing prostitution, the government can help regulate the spread of diseases amongst prostitutes and paying customers. Periodic blood testing can ensure that most prostitutes are not carrying STDs that can be passed along to other people. The governments involvement in prostitution is very important. A license will be awarded to people that want to offer sex for a fee. Every month, this license must be renewed by taking a blood test and proving that you are disease free. This helps prostitutes maintain a clean bill of health and helps control the spread of diseases from worker to customer. These tests will help determine if a prostitute is physically healthy to have sex with other strangers for money. If a prostitute is found to be carrying an STD, she can seek out customers with similar diseases. This will prevent the spreading of unwanted STDs. Plus, if a prostitute has contracted a fatal STD, she can probably meet another man that has the same disease. A man with AIDS will feel loved and sa ...

RFPs are sick, not dead Read this article, and write a report about it Essay

RFPs are sick, not dead Read this article, and write a report about it - Essay Example nizations require to consider when they are making decisions concerning the most appropriate routes for making pre-contract engagements with their suppliers. The St. Paul meeting center that is located in Mississippi uses RFP’s or information to find visitors to their ideal locations that they have established for holding conferences, conventions, trade shows and other similar events. The company’s RFP requires any personal or event information that their customers may require so that can prepare in advance for the meetings. It also contains the preferred contact methods and any other information that the customers may require on their site. The requirements include things like hospitality suite and audio visual requirements and descriptions of the catered dining events among other similar issues (Cendyn, 2012). According to the article, â€Å"RFP’s are sick, not dead† some senior representatives who were attending the Business Travel Market session 2012 debated on the issue with some proposing while others were opposing the motion. The critics insisted that RFP’s had been very long and required too many details that were in fact placing heavy burdens on their suppliers with the hope of winning business (Leach, 2012). However, one Bruno Fornasiero who was a global sales optimization director defended the process claiming that the principles behind the processes had remained strong over time though improvements could be made on this process. In his defense, he explained that he had viewed on many occasions RFP’s that asked questions like, â€Å"How many key strokes are required to make a booking†. Some other participants like Russell Green, a corporate sales director from the UK & IHG Company strongly resented the traditional processes and advocated for the use of the less official RFI (Request for Information) process. Telefonica’s HR, Sarah-Jayne Aldridge did however support the use of these RFP’s by suggesting that it was the suppliers who did not

The Historical Influences in the Architectural Design of the Essay

The Historical Influences in the Architectural Design of the Westminster Abbey - Essay Example The exterior is as much remarkable as its interior. The dominant gothic architectural design - its towering pillars, towers and stained glass, takes its patrons and visitors back to the English medieval times. The prestige of Westminster Abbey’s architectural design cannot be separated from the historical events that moulded it to its present reputation. From the its foundation as an abbey by King Edward the Confessor in 1052 to its glory days as a gothic church under the initiative of King Henry III in 1245, Westminster Abbey owes its existence to the religious passion of its patrons. Given the context, this paper focuses on the historical events that led to the key developments of what is the Westminster Abbey today. By expounding on the topic, a historical methodology could not only give light to the origins of the church, but it could also relate historical context with architectural design and style. This paper is thus intended to explain Westminster Abbey’s rich a rchitectural history. The utilization of secondary sources such as books and journal articles, together with ample photo documentation, are used in order to accomplish this paper’s purpose. ... It then tackles the entrance of the 12th century and the important contributions of King Henry III to the creation of a magnificent gothic church at England’s capital. The second portion deals with the church’s architecture. An analysis of the exterior and interior aspects of Westminster Abbey is conducted by streamlining the various designs and styles, which produced the outcome. Such analysis is then related to the historical context of the church’s formative years in order to produce a conclusive account of architectural history. The Abbey in its Formative Years in the 11th and 12th Century The 11th century was included in the 3-century span of the Central Middle Ages, from 1000-1300, where the disintegration of the strong Roman Empire was realized in the Early Middle Ages. During that century, a direct by-product of the previous years caused the apparent struggle between the Holy Roman Empire and the Papacy in Rome, not to mention the autonomy instituted by t he Eastern Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire (Bennett and Hollister, xv & 266). On a political standpoint, it was clear that religious strife that would establish dominance over Europe was as important as the clash of kingdoms and empires. As religious monarchy flourished in the name of the propagation of a certain religious denomination, independent nation states began to emerge as well. England was well underway in line with a monarchical leadership. The sacred monarchy carried by religious kingdoms in the Early Middle Ages evolved into a bureaucratic monarchy in the Central Middle Ages. Royal administration with a systematic distribution of powers was the one that England had adopted in the 11th century (Bennett and Hollister, 266). Though a secular state, the influence of the church

Book Report on Three Books Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Book Report on Three Books - Essay Example After reading the author's story and confronting his notions, the reader finds that they stick in his mind just like the way a delicious meal's aroma engulfs and settles with a person. Charles Fourier is amongst the extra obscure individuals among chief utopian thinkers. This is not on grounds that we know remarkably little of him, but since for a majority of academicians his identity amasses a stock illustration of long standing. By reference to Frank Manuel’s preface of 1971 to choosing from the writings of Charles Fourier, nearly all the scholars of Utopia are conversant with the slender, droning subsistence. The writings are centered on the poorly paid clerk, roomer in monotonous boarding residences and the pitiful return home each mealtime to wait for the affluent sponsor who would sponsor the founding of Harmony. His area’s general secretary, refused to edit one of Fourier’s exertions because, the appraisal of such bizarre paradoxes shows too many complexit ies ever becoming too hazardous. Most ensuing judgment faced with such notions as sexual appeals, amid extraterrestrial bodies and oceans finally becoming lemonade, adjusts this verdict only by totaling or be taken sincerely. Jonathan Beecher takes apart this typical representation and discloses Fourier as an additional wholly rounded individual and rationally logical intellectual. Beecher has dedicated over 20 years of powerful analysis to the author, who, he thinks of all socialist intellectuals appeared to tender the broadest, most liberal revelation of human likelihood. The consequence is a merge of individual and scholar memoirs that can position as ultimate; no basis, serious or minor, appears to have fled the writer, who incorporates them into a complete, sensible, and extremely decipherable study (Goodwin, Barbara, and Keith 56). Nietzsche "Beyond Good and Evil" Beyond Good and Evil, is a complete general idea of Nietzsche's way of established thinking. The volume comprises of 296 sayings, ranging in extent from a handful sentences to some pages. These sayings are thematically clustered into nine dissimilar sections and are concluded by a foreword and a verse. Whereas every saying can position individually, there is the existence of a linear development amid sayings within sections and from one section to the next. However, each saying gives a characteristic viewpoint and still the section conclusions leave out a grand deal. The preface indicts theorists of rigidity, and the initial section surveys this allege. Every grand viewpoint, Nietzsche declares, is modest surplus to the confession. Theorists build up intricate structures of thought to validate their individual suppositions and chauvinism. If we could excavate these, we could perceive what these theorists treasure most profoundly, and so achieve analysis into their temperament. Nietzsche compares their rigidity with the "liberated spirit" that is not detained in a meticulous viewpoint. He antici pates that the future theorists will be typified by such an untried technique, eager to attempt out whichever supposition, and trail every dispute all through to its end. After a debate, of the spiritual spirit, which he asserts is a type of rigidity; Nietzsche get on a sequence of axioms, the majority of which emphasize

How Taubman Technique Essay Example for Free

How Taubman Technique Essay How Taubman Technique can be applied to young beginners piano learning- using traditional materials Background information With hundreds of years of evolution in the study of elementary piano, nowadays materials of this sort have been widely available, perhaps even gone rampant. This article argues the effectiveness of solely relying on certain elementary piano methods to teach, without the incorporation of a more holistic approach to piano playing. The beneficiaries of the renowned Taubman approach to piano technique are mostly injured concert pianists, conservatory students, and piano teachers, people who lready have more or less a certain degree of piano proficiency. Since Taubman approach is so effective in helping intermediate and advance pianists, I would like to experiment the application of it to young beginning childrens piano lesson. Seeing that systematic materials for young beginner based on Taubmans approach are extremely limited, my goal is not only to incorporate part of Taubmans ideas to the standard beginning teaching, but to suggest a way to make it an essential part of teaching, using existing beginning materials. This article will discuss how the Taubman Technique can be systematically taught, learned in young beginners lessons with traditional materials, using the Alfreds Basic Piano Library lesson series as a model. The need to incorporate a more holistic approach to beginning piano teaching There is a huge array of beginning piano materials- Hal Leonard, the Music Tree, Alfreds Basic Piano Library, Piano Adventure and so on. The methodology each publishing company varies slightly. Hal Leonard Piano Student Piano Library starts with off- staff notation recognition, and the Music Tree starts with recognition of roups of two and three black notes. Most of the companies sell books introducing theory, lessons, and other activities at a sequence. For example, Hal Lenard has lesson books, technique books, theory books, ear training books, game books tc. , and in the first page of lesson book, a chart is used to explain the sequence. None of the piano methods is perfect or complete; each has its own unique combination of strengths and weaknesses. Contrary to popular belief, a child doesnt become great by going through the designated steps in a beginning lesson book. To know simple heory, history of mus ic, and enjoy some fun piano games may be important for a 6- year-old beginner, but its not the most important thing to make a good pianist. A young beginner becomes great when his coordination with the instrument is properly developed. We make motions to produce music, therefore, music and technique are inseparable, and technique is coordination. (Lister-Sink) The and young beginning students, its not so much as to pound the concepts on paper into their brains- the head knowledge, rather, its the connection between their body and the instrument they feel that sticks- the body knowledge. Without a deliberate emphasis on teaching in the physical aspect of playing, the teachers found the most popular piano method books insufficient to help the student reach his full potential. Thats why there are so many people who quit after learning the piano for couple years, and so many advanced students, even those in the conservatories, suffer piano related injury. That makes me wonder, what can supplement my teaching with the Alfreds Basic Piano Library materials, or more precisely, what makes the material stay with the students, how to ingrain the sense of playing to the students. I suppose its not about the methods, its about the truth in the mechanisms of piano playing. Since its the people, human beings, who invented piano and developed its technique, the piano technique must be something thats inherently natural, and there must be a set of principles that can solve any pianistic problems. Through couple lessons with Certified Taubman teachers and research, I found out there are governing principles thats beyond the scope of existing materials in piano teaching. These principles need to be included in the very first lessons, regardless of what material used. Why using the Taubman concept to teach Started in 1976 by Dorothy Taubman, a New York piano teacher, Taubman approach is a ground breaking analysis of the invisible motions that function underneath a virtuoso technique. Ms. Taubman and her analysis helped pianists overcome technical limitations as well as cure playing-related injuries. Before meeting Tauman, American pianist Leon Fleisher and professor of Peabody Institute of Music was forced to play with only one hand for many years due to playing related hand injuries.

Sympathetic Imagination in Northanger Abbey Essay -- Northanger Abbey

Sympathetic Imagination in Northanger Abbey   Ã‚  Ã‚   Critics as well as the characters in the novel Northanger Abbey have noticed Catherine Morland's artlessness, and commented upon it. In this essay I have chosen to utilise the names given to Catherine's unworldliness by A. Walton Litz in Jane Austen: a Study of her Artistic Development,[1] and Christopher Gillie in A Preface to Jane Austen.[2] Litz refers to "what the eighteenth century would have called the sympathetic imagination, that faculty which promotes benevolence and generosity" (Litz, p. 67). Gillie calls this same quality "candour", and states the importance of it to Jane Austen herself, gleaning a definition of it from one of Austen's own prayers: Incline us, oh God! to think humbly of ourselves, to be severe only in the examination of our own conduct, to consider our fellow-creatures with kindness, and to judge of all they say and do with that charity which we would desire from them ourselves (cited in Gillie, p. 22). Both critics recognise that Catherine's possession of this quality is problematic; it is desirable, but it must also be regulated if a heroine is not to be frequently duped by the harsh world. Both Gillie and Litz also acknowledge that an investigation of this enigma is at the heart of all Jane Austen's work. I believe that the exploration of this fundamental conundrum is at the core of Northanger Abbey, and that this should be so dismisses the claims of those who believe that the lessons Catherine learns in the Gothic section of the novel are thematically most important.[3] I maintain that Northanger Abbey is not merely a curiosity, a burlesque of the Gothic style, a remnant which looks back to the parodic style of much of the juvenilia.... ...1974). For instance, Marvin Mudrick, Jane Austen: Irony as Defence and Discovery, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1952). Peter L. De Rose and S. W. McGuire, A Concordance to the Works of Jane Austen, (New York: Garland Publishing, 1982). Northanger Abbey, p. 56. Northanger Abbey, p. 18, and Northanger Abbey, p. 206. Northanger Abbey uses "artless" three times in two volumes; Emma uses "artless" four times in three volumes. [ J. F. Burrows, Computation into Criticism: a Study of Jane Austen's Novels and an experiment in Method, (Oxford: Clarendon, 1987). See Northanger Abbey, pp. 22-23. See Northanger Abbey, p. 92, pp. 110-112. [Back] See Northanger Abbey, p. 30. "That a young lady should be in love, and the love of the young man undeclared, is an heterodoxy which prudence, and even policy, must not allow" (Johnson's Collected Works, V. 168).

Contrasting Imagery with Symbolism Essay

The story The Cathedral by Raymond Carver is a story of transformation of a human character’s life from depression and carelessness to belief and diversity. A cathedral is a symbol of faith, conversion, creativity and strength and is therefore a substantial component of Carver’s story. The process of drawing it becomes the climax of the story when the author uses intense imagery to describe the workings of the drawing that the husband is creating. Imagery and symbolism are greatly used in this story, but in very different ways to provide very different effects. Moreover, the cathedral is connected to the representation of the blind man as a preacher and a teacher. The symbolism of the cathedral in the story makes one believe in the future and optimism. A cathedral symbolizes religion, and the TV show that the two men watch leads to an important question. The blind man asks the husband to describe to him the image of a cathedral. The husband is unable to successfully compose an accurate description because he doesn’t understand the meaning and the symbolism of the building. He is not a man of religion, and he is watching the show only because he has nothing else to do. â€Å"Don’t ask me why this is,†(245) he says. Compelled to think about the purpose of cathedrals, the narrator begins to realize that they symbolize the struggle that people endeavored to build those structures. What would make people do such a thing? Belief and religion sometimes give direction and meaning to peoples’ lives. The effort required to build a cathedral becomes an outburst of creativity. The inability of the husband to understand the purpose of cathedrals shows that he lacks creativity, and his life is meaningless and not fulf illing. By making the husband draw a cathedral together with him, the blind man teaches him about the importance of the cathedrals and the significance of believing in something. The husband experiences something that he has never thought would happen to him, and it makes him aware of the diversity of life. Before Robert came, the husband was alone, and his wife says that he didn’t have other friends. â€Å"Never thought anything like this could happen in  your lifetime, did you, bub?† asks Robert and there is no answer. The narrator’s loneliness caused by urban life has become his style of living, and when he has to communicate with others and to share ideas he becomes anxious. The detachment makes him pessimistic and closed-minded. The narrator’s anxiety disappears as the story progresses, and when he begins to draw he is more relaxed and in a creative mood. The first thing that he thinks of is his house: â€Å"I drew a box that looked like my house†(247). The transformation of the house into a cathedral is a very powerful image. His home and himself derive the symbolism of a cathedral. And â€Å"What’s a cathedral without people?†(247). Characterized as a social place where people meet, the cathedral becomes symbol of the husband’s ability to overcome his loneliness and his inability to communicate. The author uses suddenly uses intense imagery in the story that he hasn’t used before, this is to emphasize the importance of the moment. â€Å"His fingers rode my fingers as my hand flowed over the paper. It was like nothing that I have ever felt before.†(247) This marks the climax of the story as well as the turning point in the thoughts and beliefs of the husband. Nevertheless, the husband doesn’t change his life by himself. It seems that the blind man is showing the husband how to draw and not the opposite. Robert is in control, but the narrator does not oppose that experience. He has been waiting for something like this to happen, and he is happy that it happened. The process of drawing a cathedral together with the blind man creates the symbolism of a cathedral and becomes a religious experience, which symbolizes the husbands conversion – his spiritual epiphany from good to bad. He is taught the meaning of value and virtue; he is happy that he encoun tered Robert. The symbolism of the cathedral is also directly connected to the blind man. His question if the husband is a religious person is almost rhetorical because he already knows that he isn’t. The blind man is a very powerful person because his blindness has made his other senses different than ours in a wonderful way. He sees things from a special perspective, and becomes a person who can share a different angle toward wisdom, a different entrance  toward knowledge. For the husband, Robert comes as nobody, and he becomes somebody. He is like a preacher who opens your mind and gives a meaning to life. The blind man is a teacher, and his image is connected to the spiritual image of a cathedral. The image of a cathedral is an image of something enormously strong, stable and at the same time beautiful and creatively artistic. The author uses imagery not only to create a mental portrait of the physical surroundings of the story, but also to breath life into the symbolism of the images that are created. The small amount of imagery that is used is very significant in that the imagery that is used, brings across very strong and clear pictures of meaning and thought. The symbolism that is in this story is enormous. It can be found everywhere. It is used in contrast with imagery to give greater meaning to the story that otherwise wouldn’t have been clear.

Reformation of the 16th Century

The Protestant Reformation ignited a religious reform movement that separated the western Christian church into Catholic and Protestant groups. Martin Luther embarked on a Journey to start the religious reform movement; there were other developments before him that set a foundation for a religious alteration in the sixteenth century.The Protestant Reformation allowed for Protestantism to flourish throughout Europe, united the Roman Catholic Church with Christian denominations, enabled people to develop independent thinking and creative, fostered etermination in people to attain religious and political freedom, and allowed for Christianity to evolve permanently throughout history. Johannes Gutenberg of Mainz helped produce the development of printing from a moving type. In Europe there were thousands of printers that published religious books like the Bible, sermons, Latin and Greek classics, legal handbooks, and works on philosophy.This type of development manifested an â€Å"immedi ate impact on European intellectual life and thought† (Duiker 429). This kind of invention fostered creative thinking and determination in people to study scholarly resources. Printing allowed the European civilization to disperse new religious ideals. This communication throughout Europe played a major role in enabling people to acquire newfound knowledge and formulate beliefs of their own. Many historians state that Desiderius Erasmus â€Å"laid the egg that Luther hatched† (History 1). Erasmus was an influential Christian humanist.Christian humanism or northern Renaissance humanism combined the ideas of the classical Italian Renaissance with the ideas of early Christianity. According to Christian humanism, a society must alter the human beings that compose it. They strongly believed that people are smart enough to formulate their own ideals and beliefs. They did no have to solely depend on an irrational religion for happiness and salvation. Erasmus was most influenti al in teaching that religion should be a philosophy for a direction of life, not a source of arbitrary practices and rituals, which is what medieval religion emphasized.Erasmus also placed an emphasis on teaching the philosophy of Jesus Christ. Erasmus did not approve of the abuse of power of inside the church. The opposition towards a dogmatic religion encouraged the Christian and northern Renaissance humanists to stand against the orruption of the Catholic Church; they gave mankind hope and encouragement to believe in themselves, and to fight for freedom of religion. Another factor that influenced people to start a reform was the corruption of the Catholic Church. The all-powerful Roman Catholic Church labeled any non-believer as a heretic; punishment included being burned at stake.The Catholic Church's power was assembled over centuries, and depended on the lack of religious education and unawareness of people. People's primary motivation of believing in the Catholic Church came from the belief of salvation to heaven though the Catholic Church. Any other belief was disregarded. The realization that many popes were not committing to the needs of the church and people outraged many people in Europe. Many popes' interests were not focused on the spiritual uprising of religion, but worldly interests like power and wealth The process ot salvation was becoming a traud.This ignited hate and bitterness towards the Catholic Church and stimulated the idea for change and reform. The Catholic Church strongly emphasized that good works and strong faith were the gateway for personal salvation. Martin Luther had a strong opposition o that idea, even as a monk and professor at the University of Wittenberg. Through personal study and dedication to religion he discovered that no weak and powerless human being could do enough good works to achieve salvation. He believed that through a powerful faith and the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, that alone was enough for people to achiev e salvation. Justification by Faith† (PBS 1) became the primary belief of the Protestant Reformation. Luther's repulsion of Catholic Church teachings enabled him to create the Ninety-Five Theses, which opposed the sale of indulgences and revolted against clerical abuses. According to many historians this was the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. The Ninety-Five Theses were quickly created and disseminated throughout Germany. Luther encouraged German royalty to overthrow the idea of salvation though the Catholic Church.His idea of salvation through faith alone was widespread and becoming acceptable to many people. The Roman Catholic Church was outraged and did not accept his view of salvation. The Catholic Church believed that he was to be excommunicated from the church in 1512. When Luther was summoned to appear to the Holy Roman Empire and to â€Å"recant the heresies† (Duiker 431). He responded by rebuffing and making a statement that â€Å"became the battle c ry of the Reformation† (Duiker 431). This angered the members of Reichstag, who ordered Luther to be detained.Luckily for him, Fredrick of Saxony protected him. A revolution was manifested upon Luther's religious ideals; this revolution changed the European Civilization forever. Luther's popularity fostered from hatred and dissatisfaction with the greed of wealth power, corruption and dogmatic ideals of the Roman Catholic Church. The marriage between Luther and Katherina von Bora demolished the idea of clerical celibacy; his marriage ighlighted the life of a Protestant minister with a family. German rulers strongly supported Luther; they quickly acquired control and supervision of the German churches.Luther emphasized that the churches focus on the preaching the Word of God and Bible study. In Luther's eyes in was necessary to abolish Catholic Mass and gravitate towards new religious services. All of these changes highlight the metamorphosis that Christianity was experiencing. People who believed and promoted these new ideals were complacent with a new religious experience. In 1 519, Charles V ruled a vast empire, composed of Austrian lands, part of Italy, Spain, nd other territories. Though election he was granted the Holy Roman Empire title.His idea was to â€Å"preserve the unity of his empire in the Catholic faith†(Duiker 432). By this time, Germany detached it self from the idea of imperial ruling; this disintegrated any loyalty to the Holy Roman Empire. In 1546, Lutheranism was the prominent belief and practice throughout Germany. Charles Vs effort to bring combat and war to disintegrate Lutheranism was a failure. This failure encouraged Charles V to create the Peace of Augsburg, which granted freedom to German states to choose between Catholicism and Lutheranism.The expeditious spread of Lutheranism and Protestant beliefs reassured that Christian unity was no longer a possibility. Switzerland had a prominent role in the Protestant Reformati on. The revolution sparked upon Ulrich Zwingli. Zwingli ignited religious changes in member states of the federal states of Switzerland and the city of Zurich. Evangelical reforms took over these areas. For example, Mass was replaced by services that promoted biblical study and prayer, relics were destroyed, and pope's authority was no longer accepted.His primary source of support came from the people of Zurich and the agistrate, known as Mark Reust. Zwingli created an alliance with the German rulers, and Martin Luther. In 1513, rage and dissatisfaction festered between Catholic states and the Swiss Protestants. This created a war that led to Zwingli's death, his responsibility and loyalty to manifest change in Switzerland was handed down to John Calvin. John Calvin was a practical theologian who organized the Protestant reform. His conversion to Protestantism led him to escape his native France to Switzerland.His beliefs coincided very closely with Luther's beliefs. A unique belief that he promoted was the idea of predestination. Predestination was a belief that â€Å"God predestined some people to be saved, and the others to be damned, both who He would admit to salvation, and whom He would condemn to destruction† (PBS 1). Calvin also emphasized absolute sovereignty of God; he called it the â€Å"power, grace, and glory of God†(PBS 1). His reputation and credibility arose from his publication of the Institutes of the Christian Religion, an integration of Protestant beliefs and stands.In 1536, he expanded his revolutionary Protestant reform to the city of Geneva. Calvin created The Consistory, a governing body that attested to moral virtue nd discipline, and enabled a systematic way of including clergy and laymen in church service. The success that was fostered upon Geneva, allowed for missionaries to travel throughout Europe and infiltrate all of Europe with Protestantism. The city of Geneva stood as a Protestant citadel that gave success to th e religious reform. The Anabaptists were radical promoters of the Protestant faith, who also played a pivotal role in the reformation.Their concern was to return to practice and religion of early Christianity, they emphasized equality in all believers. Separation of Church and State was something they strongly advocated. They did not see any benefit of the government dictating the Jurisdiction of religion. The Anabaptists opposed the idea of baptism in infants. Magisterial Protestants and Roman Catholics grew hostility and hatred towards the Anabaptists because of that belief. That is why they were heavily persecuted in the sixteenth century. The English Reformation played a pivotal part in the Protestant reformation.King Henry the VII was seen as selfish glutton. Surprisingly his strong desire to divorce Catherine of Aragon, his first wife made the English Reformation a more political than religious cause. The pope refused to grant Henry VII's request to divorce Catherine of Aragon for Anne Boleyn. His attention then focused on the archbishop of Canterbury, head of the highest court in England. The archbishop condoned a divorce and annulled King Henry VII's first marriage. Soon after Anne became queen she had a child, whom was a girl.This infuriated King Henry VII because he did not have a son to inherit his throne. This anger encouraged Henry VII to promote separation of the Church of England with Rome. This was known as the Act of Supremacy in 1534, it declared that the King was in complete control of the doctrine and Church of England. During Henry VII's reign, Archbishop Cranmer attempted to reform the administrative and religious ruling. Shortly after this, Henry VII died and left his ruling to his underage son. Cranmer took advantage of this situation by directing the Church ot England in a Protestant direction.T manifested new Protestant services and ideals in the Church of England. Mary a Catholic succeeded Edward VI. Her nickname â€Å"Bloody Mary' was no understatement. Her primary concern was for the Church of England to return to Catholicism; she murdered more than 300 heretics who opposed Catholicism. Ironically, her actions ed for England to become more Protestant than ever before. By the mid-sixteenth century, the Roman Catholic Church no longer dominated Europe. Protestantism was infiltrating all of Europe and becoming more dominating and accepted.Due to this nature, the Catholic Church underwent a reformation of its own known as the Catholic Reformation. The Catholic is divided in to three parts known as the Jesuits, a reformed papacy, and the Council of Trent. Ignatius of Loyola, Spanish noblemen, founded the Society of Jesus. This society accepted the directing of the pope and promoted the principals of obedience to the papacy, and hierarchical ruling of ociety and civilization. They fostered missionaries to explore Asian countries to convert people to Catholicism The reformed papacy was another aspect of the Catholi c Reformation.Pope Paul Ill took the initiative to create a reform to team to hold Catholic Church's accountable and enforce discipline. Through this he was able to create the Council of Trent and gave recognition to the Society of Jesus. In 1545, church officials gathered in the city of Trent started the Council of Trent. This Council of Trent met continuously though three different sessions in the sixteenth century. Their ideas coalesced and they came to the conclusion that the â€Å"selling of indulgences was prohibited, both faith and good works were required for salvation, and only the church could interpret scripture† (Duiker 438).This manifested one doctrine and religion under the Roman Catholic Church. The Protestant Reformation had significant impacts in the foundation of our world nations. This impact allowed for the re-establishment of political and religious views throughout the European civilization, challenged the authority of the Catholic popes, and led to mode rn concepts of democracy. This reformation is key to understanding how religion has laced an importance in the foundation and building of every nation in our world.The fight for equality and freedom will always be an obstacle throughout history; understanding the struggle, rebellion, and motivation to fght that many people faced in reformation, allows for our world to become educated and motivated to strive towards a better world.